Investigating the early impact of HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the CNS. Dr. Valcour has established enduring collaborations with the SEARCH-Thailand team, the U.S. Army’s Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), as well as the Thai Red Cross (TRCARC). Together with these partners, Dr. Valcour has launched investigations into the CNS impact of acute HIV infection (within weeks of infection), the role of HIV DNA in peripheral monocyte populations, and the developmental consequences of HIV infection on cognition in children and the benefits of early ART intervention.