Understanding how viruses evolve is a major scientific goal of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL)’s biodefense efforts. This understanding will lead to predictive pathogen science and lay the foundations for computationally guided design of therapeutics, diagnostics, and detection reagents. This project supports the Laboratory’s missions in homeland security and bioscience to improve human health by applying advanced computing to the identification, characterization, and simulation of virulence mechanisms to increase our understanding of virulence and the evolution of pathogenicity.