This research focused on whether pregnancy outcomes (abortion versus delivery) have an association with subsequent mental health, when common risk factors for having certain pregnancy outcomes and for having mental health problems are considered in analyses. Proir findings indicate that prior violence and mental health problems are more common among women having abortions, and particularly multiple abortions, compared to women having other pregnancy outcomes. Such experiences and conditions are also more common among women having post-pregnancy mental health problems compared to women not having post-pregnancy mental health problems. In analyses that take into account these common risk factors, the relationship of pregnancy outcomes and mental health is not significant.