Karen Dobos of Colorado State University in the US, Jeff Schorey of the University of Notre Dame and Luke Davis at  UCSF, seek to identify and validate protein signatures on exosomes, which are small vesicles secreted by M. tuberculosis-infected host cells, for use as biomarkers to diagnose TB. These protein signatures seem to be concentrated by exosomes in such a way that they could be used as highly sensitive indicators of disease in diagnostic tests.