Sepsis, or life-threatening organ failure due to overwhelming infection, is the leading cause of death globally and kills millions of people each year. We know that rapid diagnosis and treatment are key to helping people survive sepsis, but even in very high resource settings it is not clear how to best identify those patients with sepsis who are at highest risk of death. This problem is even worse in low resource settings, such as Tanzania in Africa, where not only are infectious diseases more common, but risk factors for infection may be different and sophisticated diagnostic tools are not available.