Our lab has recently developed a novel ‘Cognitive Brain Computer Interface’ (cBCI) technology, which can harness neural processes underlying cognition in real-time, and drive targeted improvements in these processes with training. Our first cBCI prototype functions in the context of an attention-demanding task, i.e. the cBCI allows real-time monitoring of EEG (electroencephalography)-derived neural processes that control attention. During cBCI training, the individual receives real-time, sub-second feedback on their on-task neural network performance; cBCI is thus personalized to the neural performance capacities of the user. The cBCI algorithms then adaptively train the user to improve neural and cognitive function. Overall, our innovative cBCI technology offers the opportunity to train specific neural networks underlying attention in a real-time, targeted and personalized approach, which has never been done before.   

Here, we hypothesize that a novel neurotherapeutic such as cBCI, which is targeted to the precise neural function deficits observed in attention deficit disorder (ADHD) and which is personalized to the individual, may be able to provide more rapid, more efficacious and more sustainable benefit than existing behavioral interventions. In this project, our main goal is to conduct a feasibility study of cBCI training in children with ADHD and to evaluate its neural, cognitive and behavioral benefits. Outcomes of this study will then inform a larger randomized controlled trial evaluation of cBCI in ADHD as well as the iterative, evidence-based improvement of the cBCI technology.